 C00174701
 JPRS 77236
 26 January 1981
 China Report
 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
 No. 79
 FBIS
 FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE
 ApprovedIfor Release 10  -
 52  .
 C00174701
 26 January 1981
 CHINA REPORT
 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
 No. 79
 CONTENTS
 UFO Phenomenon in China Analyzed
 (Cha Leping, Lin Hongjing; ZIRAN ZAZHI, Sep 80) ............      1
 Eyewitness Accounts of UFO Sightings Published
 (Jin Tao; KEXUE SHIDAI, Oct 80) .............................     6
 Television- Receiver_for---Broadest--Satellites--Developed---_.._--_
 (DIANZI XUEBAO, Jun 80) ....................................     11
 Yield of 4K N-MOS Dynamic RAM Chips Over 20 Percent
 (DIANZI XUEBAO, Jun 80) ....................................     12
 HCP System for Automatic Compiler Programs Described
 (Liu Ouye; DIANZI XUEBAO, Jun 80)                                13
 Information on DYL-1300, 77-1 Microcomputers Presented
 (DIANZI XUEBAO, Mar 80) ....................................     17
 Increasing Speed of Microcomputerized Sequential Machines Discussed
 (Jiang Mingde; DIANZI XUEBAO, Mar 80) .......................    18
 DYL 12-Bit High-Speed Look-Ahead Carry Generator Described
 (Wang Shoujue, et a1.; DIANZI XUEBAO, Mar 80)                    31
 Simplified Calculations of Two-Way Slabs, Cylindrical Shells
 (Ding Dajun; GONGXUEYUAN XUEBAO, Dec 79) ? ..................    43
 Geological Survey Conference                                     66
 Time Transmitting Station                                        66
 - a -               (III - CC - 841
 C00174701
 NATIONAL DEVELOPMENTS
 UFO PHENOMENON IN CHINA ANALYZED
 Shanghai ZIRAN ZAZHI [NATURE JOURNAL] in Chinese No 9, Sep 1980 pp 685-686
 (Article by Cha Leping (2686 2867 16271 and Lin Hongjing [5677 4767 2468]:  "Pre-
 liminary Survey of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena in China"]
 (Text)  Every country in the world has had large numbers of reports giving eye-
 witness accounts of unidentified flying objects (UFO's).  During the past half
 year, fans of the study of UFO phenomena in 15 of China's provinces, municipalities
 and autonomous regions have also collected and exchanged almost 100 examples of
 eyewitness accounts.  This shows that in the vast territory of China, UFO's objec-
 tively exist as a phenomenon.
 Reports about unidentified flying objects may be divided into three categories
 on the basis of their shapes.
 The first type has been described as being like a disk or a globe in shape, with
 some being ovular or egg shaped.  During daylight hours, they frequently appear as
 being silver in color, while at night they emit an orange-red brilliance.  They
 are frequently accompanied by a white smoke cloud-that has been emitted.  This
 type has appeared in about 80 percent of. the reports.  The following are several
 fairly classic real examples.
 At 2100 hours on 13 November 1978, Zhang Zhengmin [1728 1767 24021, a student in the
 76th class of the Department of Space Physics at Wuhan University returned to his
 dormitory from the school library.  As he entered the door, he said that the "moon"
 in the west was really frightening and had become much larger than usual.  His room-
 mates, Cheng Shanda [4453 1472 1129] and Han Erfan [7281 0059 4907] did not believe
 him because at this hour the moon should be in the east.  The three thereupon rushed
 out of the room to take a look and sure enough, there in the west. at a 400 angle of,
 elevation in a clear night sky was a round object with a visual diameter of about
 1 degree, giving off an orange-red light at a light intensity slightly less than
 of a full moon.  The top part of the object was covered with a slowly curling cloud
 mass.  The concealed portion was at times large and at times small.  The entire
 object was slowly flying in a west by north direction, its color becoming deeper
 and deeper, and its brightness also gradually diminishing, but its visual diameter
 showed no apparent decrease in size.  Classmate Chang Shanda said, "There was
 complete silence at the time, and the three of us felt a little afraid.  When the
 chemistry building blocked our view of the object, we raced to the top of the-big
 C00174701
 library (a high place) to look at it some more, but we don't know where it flew.
 The entire period of observation was about 10 minutes, and some pedestrians in the
 street also stopped to watch it."  This example of an observation of a flying ob-
 ject was quite representative.  More than 10 examples reported from another nine
 provinces and municipalities also described flying objects in either exactly the
 same way or extremely similarly. Among them, two examples also reported these ob-
 jects as having flown into a cloud, illuminating the entire cloud in an extremely
 magnificent sight.
 At 1800 hours on 9 September 1976, Hu Suisheng [5170 6659 3932] and some comrades
 from the No 2 Chemical Plant in Jiangxi Province were listening to f. broadcast at
 the main entrance to his home on Ruancheng Xilu, Yichun City, Jiangxi Province.
 Suddenly they looked up to see a silvery flying object in the air at a 60 degree
 angle of elevation that was shaped like a pair of cymbals connected together and
 revolving on its vertical axis perpendicular to the lower line-of the setting sun.
 It constantly spurted out a silvery vapor, and it was at an elevation of approxi-
 mately somewhat more than 2,000 meters.  It flew at a fairly rapid speed from the
 east toward the northwest and disappeared in a distant mountain valley.  The period
 of observation totalled 5 minutes.  There were many witnesses in the streets at the
 time, and everyone discussed the event excitedly but without being able to explain
 it.
 At 2130 hours on 9 September 1979, Shao Shengnan [5135 3932 0589), and Shen Ziran
 [3088 5261 35441, technicians at the People's Dayuan Farm in Jianli County, Hubei
 Province sighted a round flying object in the southwestern sky at a 70 degree angle
 of elevation.  It was emitting a red and yellow ray of light and the forward part
 of_-itwascircled with blue.  Its brightness was about that of a 1 or 2 star; its
 v tsnal diameter was about 30' ; it trailed an awl-shaped tail, its l~ngtt[ was four
 times the diameter of its round head; and its height was estimated at 1,000 to 2,000
 meters.  It flew rapidly and soundlessly from the northeast toward the southwest.
 They immediately called two people out to take a look at it.  When they saw it only
 at about a 15 degree angle of elevation, suddenly it changed to a right angle and
 slowed speed, and then at an inclu.'ed angle of about 10 degrees to the horizon, it
 .hanged flight direction to fly toward the southeastern horizon where trees blocked
 the view and it disappeared.  The period of observation was about 1 minute.
 At 2140 hours on 9 September 1979, an outdoor movie was being shown at the Hunan
 Diesel Engine Plant at Zhangmugiao, Changde County, Hunan Province when suddenly
 a commotion broke out in the audience, which frantically turned their heads to
 look upward at the sky in amazement.  Lo Xuezhi (5012 1331 4249], a functionary in
 the plant's political department turned his head to look, seeing an object in the
 sky to the west at about 1,500 meters.  It was oval shaped in appearance and emitted
 a powerful red and yellow light that was brighter than the full moon.  The head of
 the object was orange-red, and it trailed a bright tail which seemed to be emitting
 :t gas.   It flew silently and parallel to the ground from the north toward the south-
 west, disappearing after 3 minutes.  Lo Xuezhfh used the 2.5 power binoculars he
 was carrying at the time to examine the object carefully, and wrote an exhaustive
 report.  Changde County is 145 kilometers. from Jianli County.  On that night, the
 sky was clear and cloudless.  This object might possibly have been the same object
 as the object in the example next above.  If so, it may be inferred that its flying
 C00174701
 speed was at least 850 kilometers per hour, and if you take into consideration the
 reduction in speed to change direction, it must have actually been even faster.  In
 addition, according to Lo Xuezhi's estimate, the visual diameter of the long axis
 was greater than 2 degrees, so at a distance of 1500 meters, its lineal angle must
 have been more than 50 meters.
 Use shaped unidentified flying objects sometimes also appear at high altitudes.
 One summer night in 1965, when Song Jiandong [1345 1696 2639] of the broadcasting
 station in Jingan County, Jiangxi County was looking at the stars, (Song was on a
 temporary duty assignment in Beijing at the time in the courtyard at 20 Shangsitiao,
 Chongwen District), when unexpectedly he sighted a small bright point of light moving
 across the night sky from west to east at a speed similar to that of most artificial
 satellites.  Soon afterward he discovered that a rather large point of light had
 appeared behind the first one.  After 10 seconds or so, the distance between the two
 points of light gradually narrowed, and Song Jiandong immediately aimed his homemade
 astronomical telescope at them. He saw that the large point of light appeared oval
 in shape and emitted green light.  The small point of light remained in the shape
 of a dot.  When he again used his unaided eyes to look, the large point of light
 suddenly collided with the small point of light at a speed several times what it had
 been.  The two moved now left now right in pursuit of each other as though playing.
 As the two-points of light almost collided, they both disappeared at the same time.
 Song Jiandong looked, his eyes astounded and his mouth agape, and recorded the event
 immediately thereafter.  He felt they were positively not meteorites or artificial
 satellites.
 In still another report, an unidentified flying object appeared at low altitudes,
 frequently shining a powerful beam of light toward the surface of the earth.  In
 -late-January -1979-, an--un-identif-fed-flying-object-o?- -ardluary-shape-etopped-- suspended
 above a highway in Training County, Fujian Province shining a blinding light down-
 ward and scaring in all directions three women from Zhukou Commune who were going to
 market before dawn.  In February of the same year, an extremely bright flying ol.-
 ject darted across an airfield in Shanxi "lighting up half the sky."  Similar re-
 ports have also come from Jiangsu and Hubei provinces.  At 0930 on 1 July, Liu
 Baoren [0491 1405 00881, Tian Qing 13944 7230], and Zhao Yauyan 16392 3601 3601]
 of the Institute of Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; were waiting for a bus
 at the Qijiahuozi bus stop in the northern suburbs of Beijing.  They sighted a
 ball shaped flying object in the sky with an estimated diameter of 10 meters.
 From the bottom of it projected a tail that looked like a stick that was about 5
 meters long, and. hung straight down.  It flew from due southeast toward the north-
 against the wind at the speed of most airplanes and without noise of any kind.
 east
 Inquires made by the witnesses revealed that on that day no meteorological or at-
 mospheric testing balloons had been released by the Beijing Observatory or the
 Beijing Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau.  Only the Beijing Meteorology
 Station had released a meteorology balloon, but the balloon was white, while the
 flying object appeared to be dark gray in color.  The times did not jibe either.
 The second category are huge, long unidentified flying objects.  They rarely appear.
 At 2040 hours on 23 October 1978, a huge, long unidentified flying object appeared
 in the sky over a certain airfield in Gansu Province.  It carried two bright lights
 C00174701
 in front and at the tail, and flew from east to west.  The speed of movement of this
 object was not astounding, but according to a report from airforce pilots and ground
 support personnel who had been watching an outdoor movie at the airfield, its visual
 diameter was 30 degree to 35 degrees.  It covered half the sky, causing extreme
 astonishment.  At the estimated height of 6,000 to 8,000 meters that they gave, its
 length must have been greater than 1,000 meters.
 The third category of unidentified flying objects are in the shape of a spiral
 nebula.  Composed of a brighted lightly central core, and revolving arms composed of
 small points of light radiated by the core, the volume may be enormous.
 At 2300 hours on 26 July 1977, Zhang Zhousheng (1728 6650 39321 of the Yunnan Ob-
 servatory observed an unidentified flying object of this type with an apparent
 visual diameter S degrees in extent in Chengdu, Sichuan Province.  He made a record
 and conducted investigations, discovering that for 180 kilometers north and south
 many people. had seen this unidentified flying object at the same time.  Additional-
 ly, Yang Fozhang 12799 0154 45451 of the Chengdu Geology Institute, and Qian Ruhu
 16929 3168 57061 of the Shanghai Ruijin Telecommunications Component Plant saw
 similar unidentified flying objects in Chengdu and in Anhui respectively.
 We have made the following preliminary analysis of these unidentified flying object
 phenomona, which we provide for everybody's consideration.
 (1)  Prior to 1978, "flying saucer" incidents were virtually unheard of in China,
 but numerous reports based on data from prior to this time have appeared.  Addi-
 tionally, those giving eyewitness accounts include scientists and technicians, pi-
 lots, cadres, and teachers, and in most cases tens or thousands of people witnessed
 them-at-the-same -t#m ---In-the--course-of---inquir-:Les-,--ample-witnesses-have been fro- -
 vided.  Consequently, we feel all the phenomena reported are substantially reliable
 and were actually experienced by the eye witnesses.  Possibilities that they were
 fabricated, imagined, or were rare psychological phenomena are not great.
 (2)  On the basis of existing scientific knowledge, some reports may be explained
 by already known physical phenomena or already known rarely'seen phenomena such
 as meteorites, fragments of man made aerial navigation devices, atmospheric whirl-
 pools, balloons, the effects of.atmospheric electrical discharges, ball shaped
 lightning flashes, and flashes of light from the earth preceding an earthquake.
 But explanation of some reports in terms of already known phenomena is either dif-
 ficult or extremely farfetched, as for example, the strong light emitted by the
 flying objects and their mobility at high altitudes.  Toward these phenomena, we
 must adopt an objective attitude of respect for facts and strive to use existing
 scientific knowledge to explain them, without brushing aside the possibility of
 phenomena not yet known, and conduct serious scientific observations and study
 without any preconceptions.  As regards hypotheses about UPO's being related to
 extraterrestrial or terrestrial creatures as yet unknown, we must also accept those
 parts that are credible and consider them without totally denying them altogether.
 C00174701
 (3)  Most of the cases reported were not only similar in form and characteristics
 to reports from abroad of UPO's, but there also seems to be a rather extraordinary
 correlation in the times of events.  Between 1971 and 1973, the United States and
 the United Kingdom experienced large numbers of eye witness accounts, and in China
 the number of reports showed a small surge as well.  On 18 September 1976 in
 Tehran, Iran, an airforce Phantom fighter aircraft and a UFO had a combat encounter
 that raised a furor, while during this same time, the number of reports increased in
 China.  During the summer and autumn of 1977, there was a case of UFO's in various
 places in Europe, and the number of reports in China were also fairly numerous.
 For example, Yuan Chenxin 15913 2182 2450] of the Institute of Paleoanthropology
 of the Chinese Academy of Sciences sighted a disc shaped unidentified flying object
 in the forest area of Shennongjia in Hubei Province.  Fang Qing [2455 7230] and
 others from the Shanxi Teachers College observed an orange-red saucer shaped un-
 identified flying object at Taiyuan.  On 21 October 1978, an incident took place in
 Australia in which a UFO caused the disappearance of an airplane, and two days later
 in China a correspondingly huge unidentified flying object of similar characteris-
 tics was observed.  In early 1979 in New Zealand, storms broke out everywhere and
 there were corresponding reports inside China.  On 17 August, a Japanese pilot
 photographed a UFO, and 2200 hours on 21 August, Beijing student Wang Jianmin
 [3769 1696 3046] observed in the skies over Beijing a blue disc shaped unidentified
 flying cbject flying in a complex path, now fast now slow, and able to stop sudden-
 ly.  On the morning of 10 November, Fan Da [5400 66711, a cadre at Danzhu Commune,
 Pingnan County, Guangxi Province observed from the fourth floor of a building a
 silvery oval shaped unidentified flying object that constantly spurted forth some
 atf #nrtdent occured  t Spam    vEricK a UFO
 subst-ante as--it-fi-ew. --The- next-day
 forced the landing of a passenger jet aircraft.
 (4)  By comparison with some events reported abroad, the substance of reports
 currently being received in China is rather pedestrian.      For example, there have
 been no instances in which unidentified flying objects have caused power outages or
 blotted out communications.  There have been no photographs or movies taken, or
 material evidence left behind.  There have been no cases of peril to humans or to
 social order.  There certainly have been no cases of "flying saucer men."  Inasmuch
 as most flying objects have not outstandingly exceeded the flying ability of man-
 made flying objects, it is :got impossible that some of them have been manmade ob-
 jects manufactured for special purposes.
 Owing to the limitations of certain conditions, and because quite a few reports
 have contained no precise dates or were recorded unscientifically, their value has
 to be discounted.  Among the people there are possibly numerous incidents of un-
 identified aerial phenomena awaiting our investigation and analysis.  We hope that
 more aficionados will join in this work, and when they have sightings that they will
 get in touch by sending a letter to Cha Leping, Department of Space Physics, Wuhan
 University, Wuhan.
 9432
 CSO:  4008

